Half-wit, worry about cleanliness, don’t worry about pleasure
As an artist, as a writer, F. Scott Fitzgerald reveals truth.
According to Heidegger in his essay The Origin of the Work of At, art is a form of unconcealment, and beauty ‘is one way in which truth essentially occurs as unconcealment’. In being exposed to truth through art, lives are infused with meaning, as he writes, ‘the temple, in its standing there, first gives things their look and to the men their outlook on themselves’. Fitzgerald surely then would have had some impact on the outlook on the lives, and the meaning infused in those lives, of the readers of his work. His novels and short stories might not tell us directly how to live, but by reading his work, our lives are altered in some sense. This is what art does, or at least what I hope it does.
But what if Fitzgerald cut through all the crap, the metaphor and imagery, and simply put in bullet form a list of directions on how to live, surely that would save some time, help us Get Things Done®. Why should we fluff about with art when we can simply refine our language, be concise and straightforward. Adapt the ‘inverted pyramid’ style of journalism to literature, where we start with all the information that is needed, the who, what, where, when and how, and leave the less valuable dribble to the end, so that it can be quickly cleared up by the editor’s delete key. The question then is what is the valuable dribble and what is the useless dribble? What in life should we value and what should we discard? I believe that judging value is what art gives us the capacity to do, but possibly a straightforward list, written by an esteemed artist, such as Fitzgerald, would suffice.
In a letter to his 11-year-old daughter, Fitzgerald provides us with this straightforward list:
What to worry about:
Worry about courage
Worry about cleanliness
Worry about efficiency
Worry about horsemanship
What not to worry about:
Don’t worry about popular opinion
Don’t worry about dolls
Don’t worry about the past
Don’t worry about the future
Don’t worry about growing up
Don’t worry about anybody getting ahead of you
Don’t worry about triumph
Don’t worry about failure unless it comes through your own fault
Don’t worry about mosquitoes
Don’t worry about flies
Don’t worry about insects in general
Don’t worry about parents
Don’t worry about boys
Don’t worry about disappointments
Don’t worry about pleasures
Don’t worry about satisfactions
Fitzgerald writes in the letter that all he believes in in life is “the rewards for virtue (according to your talents) and the punishments for not fulfilling your duties”. These are extraordinarily conservative values for a ‘dreamer’, the role society generally ascribes to most artists, and seems to be more harmonious with the ideology of a Thatcher or Howard. Admittedly Fitzgerald is attempting to discipline his daughter in this letter, but I am sure that the way one raises their child is synchronous with the values one holds about life. The letter therefore provides a somewhat unique insight into the values that Fitzgerald holds, and in turn, highlights the conflicting values in his body of work.
I never believe much in happiness. I never believe in misery either. Those are things you see on the stage or the screen or the printed page, they never really happen to you in life.
In the letter to his 11-year-old daughter, Fitzgerald advises her not to worry about pleasure, and not to worry about disappointment. Happiness and misery might not exist in a ’real life’ where such things are overlooked. A life lived without worry for pleasure or disappointment will surely succumb to some sort of stasis, a state of being without struggle, an easy plateau. Yet Fitzgerald recognises that such a state does not make good fiction. His characters are obsessed by the threat of disappointment, the yearning for pleasure, and the torturous tangle of the two. As Gatsby recognises:
He knew that when he kissed this girl, and forever wed his unutterable visions to her perishable breath, his mind would never romp again like the mind of God. So he waited, listening for a moment longer to the tuning-fork that had been struck upon a star. Then he kissed her. At his lips’ touch she blossomed for him like a flower and the incarnation was complete.
Those unutterable visions. That perishable breath. Gatsby worried about pleasure his whole life, he hoped his successes, his wealth, could restore the moments of pleasure he experienced in his youth while with Daisy. Yet Fitzgerald tells his daughter not to worry about growing up. Perhaps he does this to spare her the disappointment of growing old. He was attributed to saying that “life hasn’t much to offer except youth, and I suppose for older people, the love of youth in others”. The love of what once was. The love of what could have been. Gatsby was fuelled by this love, and he recognised that once he kissed Daisy, attempted to return to what once was, the fuel would burn up. Her breath was perishable. Her body breakable. His dream, his idolatry of her, was not.
Don’t worry about the past. Don’t worry about the future. Worry about courage. How does Fitzgerald expect his daughter to be courageous? She cannot be courageous in facing the future, as she should not worry about the future. She cannot be courageous in dealing with her past, as she should not worry about her past. She cannot be courageous when confronted with creepy crawlies, because she should not worry about insects. I feel that the courage that Fitzgerald talking about is talking about is the steely resolve required to face a life that does not hold happiness or misery. The courage to embrace a life devoid of drama, the courage to cleanly and efficiently get through life until that last breath. That perishable breath.
Nick Carraway must then be the hero of The Great Gatsby. He is the character who holds no real desires for his future, no regrets for his past. He does not worry too much about girls. He just carries on with his life. Cleanly and efficiently.
Fitzgerald himself worried about pleasure and misery. He worried about girls. His tenuous engagement with Zelda depended entirely on his financial viability, on having his first novel published, on triumph. And so he did worry about triumph, he did not regards the book deal as just reward for his virtue (according to his talents). As soon as the book was to be published he whisked himself and Daisy to New York, to revel in the high life, to flaunt his celebrity, to wallow in the pleasure of his celebrity. Do not worry about popular opinion.
Is the Great Gatsby then some sort of morality tale? Does it illustrate how far you will fall if you worry about the wrong things. Fall face first in the pool. Gatsby perishes. Carraway continues. If you strip the art from the novel you are left with a simple tale: man worries about the past, man worries about the future, man believes in happiness, man is murdered; man does not worry about the past, man does not worry about the future, man doesn’t believe much in happiness, man lives. It is a straightforward equation that complies with the guidelines that Fitzgerald gives to his daughter. It is simple. It is instructional. Why then did Fitzgerald bother with all this art bullshit, why didn’t he simply write up a pamphlet and hand it out on the street to passerbys? Why didn’t Fitzgerald lead by example and live his life according to these guidelines? Why then was Gatsby great, and Nick Carraway not?
It is because the plain truth is only half the truth, the more complicated and coloured truth, the creative truth, is where truth really happens. As Heidegger writes in the Origin of the Artwork:
Art is the origin of the artwork and the artist. Origin is the provenance of the essence in which the Being of a being essentially unfolds. What is art? We seek its essence in the actual work. The actuality of the work has been defined by that which is at work in the work, by the happening of truth.
Truth happens in art. If a novel is a work of fiction, and a letter is a work of non-fiction, then the truth of this non-fiction is nowhere near as revealing as the truth of Fitzgerald’s fiction, his art. Heidegger proposes that although truth may not necessarily be true, art is truth.
Truth is un-truth, insofar as there belongs to it the reservoir of the not-yet-revealed, the un-uncovered.
Heidegger uses the example of a painting by Van Gogh of some peasants shoes. The shoe is a shoe. That is true. Although the painting of a peasants shoe is not as true as the actual shoe, the artist chooses to show the shoe to you, to reveal the shoe, to present its truth. Heidegger calls this happening of truth unconcealment. Heidegger posits that everything is always concealed.
Yet as a world opens itself the earth comes to tower. It stands forth as that which bears all, as that which sheltered in its own law and wrapped in itself.
Art attempts to clear this concealment, and it is in this attempt, what Heidegger calls ‘strife’, that truth is revealed. Yet truth is not what we call true. Those shoes there on your feet are true. Those shoes there in the painting are not true. But those shoes that Van Gogh paints reveal to us the truth, they make us see the fields the peasant has walked, the life the peasant has lived. We cannot know this truth, because this truth does not exist in the world, in the dirty real world. Yet we can feel this truth, experience this truth for a brief moment. It can pass through us. As Heidgger writes:
Truth does not exist in itself beforehand, somewhere among the stars, only subsequently to descend elsewhere among beings.
So we cannot seek out the truth, we can only create the truth. But the truth doesn’t hang around, we can only catch a glimpse of truth before it disappears again. Everything that is, is always concealed. Truth is struggle. Art is strife. It wrestles to keep it open, but it closes up again.
In the creation of a work, the strife, as rift, must be set back into the earth, and the earth itself must be set forth and put to use self-secluding.
So why bother with art? Why bother with the Great Gatsby when Fitzgerald has written up a simple straight-forward list of values. It is because there is no truth to those simple straight-forward values. There never is. Not to worry about pleasure is not to worry about disappointment. Not to worry about the past is not to worry about the future. Not to worry is not to choose. To think about the past, and the choices you made, hoping for pleasure but fearing disappointment. To think about the future, and to wonder if you ever will be satisfied. Worry about satisfaction and you will never be satisfied. We can worry about cleanliness, clear everything out from our lives, including the choices we make. Keep it simple and straight-forward. Keep it efficient.
This is what I call lazy fatalism. The clearing out of options. The unworry. Going with the flow. Not questioning the rules. The guidelines. The simple straight-forward values. An obedient life is an easy life. Yet there is no truth to this life. We may pass through it, but we never really live it. The life of the lazy fatalist might be clean and efficient, but it is a half-life that does not seek to unconceal truth.
Art brings us pleasure. Art brings us disappointment. Art is rarely clean, but in those messy moments where we can’t quite work out what it is, why it is, or sometimes even where it is, we can catch a glimpse of truth. Fitzgerald shows us this through Gatsby. Gatsby’s mind has been romping like the mind of god for most of his adult life because he has made his life into art. He has torn his world up with his desire for Daisy, his dream of happiness. He knows that once he kisses her, brings the dream back to earth, to her lips, to her very real flesh, the dream, the art of his life, will close itself up again. It will conceal itself. He knows he will be disappointed. He kisses her anyway.
This choice he makes. This worry he has. This is truth. Without the future and the past, without desire and regret, without it there is no tension, no strife, no art. Why worry about art? Why worry about anything at all. Why not simply cease.
As Fitzgerald said to his daughter.
I think of you, and always pleasantly, but I am going to take the White Cat out and beat his bottom hard, six times for every time you are impertinent. Do you react to that? Half-wit.
Choose to be obedient. Half-wit. Have a half-life. I will however choose to worry about pleasure, and continue not to worry about cleanliness.




Shauna_colnan on July 8, 2010 Permalink |
This is really interesting. Reconciling the artist, his work (in this case), his temperament, words from his everyday life…..it's a labyrinth with no centre. But if there is a centre, yes, I'd like to think that it's art. Fitzgerald's letter is intriguing and perplexing, causing dissonance for those of us who find his prose so lyrical and … See Moreso fine. How could the artist who wrote The Great Gatsby write that letter to his 11 yr old daughter? It's strange. For me, ultimately the letter is flat and disappointing. It can't be reconciled with Fitzgerald's beautiful novel. In my experience artists don't tend to explain their work with words that well. And why should they? As Sylvia Plath said, 'I write only because there is a voice within me that will not be still'. Did Gatsby spring from Fitzgerald's inner life, his heart, his creative instincts that only revealed themselves when he wrote? Interesting to think also that the 11 yr old girl's mother was Zelda. I'd love to know more and now feel inspired to read some biographies of the Fitzgeralds and to read Heidegger. Thanks for this. A final thought: if Fitzgerald's daughter were to look back on the novel and the letter from her father, I wonder what she would make of it all?